Are Seal Products Legal in America Again Yet
The European Union banned seal products in 2009 for reasons of beast welfare.[ane] The ban was a continuation of a sealskin ban by the European Economic Community imposed in 1983.[ii]
Regulations of the European Union ("European union Seal Government") mostly prohibiting the importation and placing on the marketplace of seal products, with sure exceptions, including for seal products derived from hunts conducted by Inuit or indigenous communities (IC exception) and hunts conducted for marine resource direction purposes (MRM exception).
Canada and Norway filed a complaint before the WTO seeking to overturn the ban, merely the ban was upheld.
Seal hunting [edit]
Seal hunting occurs in various parts of the world for commercial, subsistence and cultural reasons. Seal hunting is also carried out in some areas for the sustainable management of marine resources. At to the lowest degree 15 seal species are currently hunted, but the bulk of hunted animals belong to 5 species: harp seals, ringed seals, grey seals, hooded seals and cape fur seals.[3] The seal populations that are hunted for commercial purposes – an estimated 15 million animals – are generally not endangered. Some 900,000 seals are hunted each twelvemonth around the globe, with the commercial chase in Canada, Greenland and Namibia accounting for some 60% of the seals killed each year. Hunting for commercial purposes also takes place in Russian federation and Norway. Around 1 tertiary of the world merchandise in seal products either passes through or ends upwardly in the Eu market.[3] Seal hunts around the earth are governed by different rules and regulations. In some countries comprehensive systems are in place, while in others the seal hunt is regulated to a bottom degree. Inside the European union, sure methods and ways of capture and killing are prohibited in areas protected under EU nature law (i.eastward. the Habitats Directive).[3]
Conflict [edit]
As a outcome of the ban, Canada and Kingdom of norway filed a complaint with the Dispute Settlement Body of the WTO against the European Communities challenge that the European Communities were existence discriminatory against their producers of seal products.[4] Both Canada and Norway are insistent on the fact that the seals are killed in an ethical manner and argued that ruling would potentially set a dangerous precedent going forward considering it was based on morality and not scientific discipline. Canada also argued that the Canadian government places strict regulation on their seal hunt industry, enforcing a quota to not let whatsoever more than 400,000 seals be hunted in a given year. It is believed that only approximately 55,000 seals accept been hunted through 2014.[1]
Product at issue [edit]
Products that are either processed or unprocessed, deriving or obtained from seals.[4]
Ruling and reaction [edit]
The WTO ruled in favour of the EU Seal regime and Canada and Norway filed for an appeal.[5]
The Dispute Settlement Body appellate committee upheld the initial ruling issued. The determination reached past the WTO appellate will only spark more debates as to decide how such a controversial ban tin exist implemented when it had upheld some of its prior rulings while overturning others.[six] They upheld the initial findings of the committee that the Eu Seal Regime was in violation of the most-favored nation status of the GATT understanding. This is because the Seal Government did not immediately allow admission to the same market advantage to Canada and Kingdom of norway as information technology did with Greenland. The appellate torso upheld the panel's findings that the EU Seal Regime was "necessary to protect public morals" . Ross Lord reported that the WTO had found that despite the fact that the ban had been discriminatory towards Canadian and Norway as compared to the European seal hunting producers yet it had fulfilled the objective of addressing the Eu'southward public moral concerns on seal welfare.[7] The IFAW was very happy with the ruling, stating that it was a "great day for seals".[6] Sheryl Fink, IFAW'south wildlife campaigns manager, blasted what she called "the desperate, last-ditch effort" to have the ban overturned. "The ruling confirms yet again that animal welfare concerns are a legitimate reason for WTO members to regulate trade, and that the EU is justified in banning the importation and sale of products from barbarous commercial hunting of seals," Fink said.[vi]
European union regulations [edit]
Exemptions for fur products of certified Inuit origin. EU has approved Inuit sustainable chase and product recognized by WWF and Greenpeace. The European Committee issued the regulation on the inuit exemption in 2009.
- Regulation (European union) No 1007/2009 of 16 September 2009 on merchandise in seal products sets out harmonised rules for placing seal products on the EU market.[8]
- Regulation (Eu) No 2015/1850 of xiii October 2015 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Regulation (EC) No 1007/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on trade in seal products.[9]
References [edit]
- ^ a b Chappell, Bill. "Canada Loses Fight Against EU Ban on Seal Products". NPR.
- ^ Issenman, Betty Kobayashi (1997). Sinews of Survival: the Living Legacy of Inuit Clothing. Vancouver: UBC Press. p. 242. ISBN978-0-7748-5641-half-dozen. OCLC 923445644.
- ^ a b c "Trade in Seal Products". European Commission. European Commission.
- ^ a b "European Communities – Measures Prohibiting the Importation and Marketing of Seal Products". World Trade Organization. Earth Trade Organisation.
- ^ Goldenberg, Suzanne. "World Trade Organisation upholds European union ban on imported seal products". The Guardian.
- ^ a b c "European union seal product ban upheld in WTO appeal". CBC News.
- ^ Lord, Ross. "EU'south Seal Ban Upheld". Global News. Global News.
- ^ Regulation (EU) No 1007/2009 of the European Parliament and the Council of 16 September 2009 on merchandise in seal products European Commission.
- ^ Commission Implementing Regulation (European union) 2015/1850 of 13 October 2015 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Regulation (EC) No 1007/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Quango on trade in seal products (OJ L 271, 16.10.2015, pp. 1–11) European Commission.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union_ban_on_seal_products
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